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| Friday, 28 October 2005 11:18 | | BNN: British Nursing News Online · www.bnn-online.co.uk
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Scientists have found that people with one or both of two specific genes, and who eat a diet rich in vegetables such as cabbage, broccoli and Brussels sprouts, can reduce their risk of lung cancer by a third.
About half the population have inactive versions of the genes and can reduce their lung cancer risk by eating cabbage or other cruciferous vegetables at least once a week.
However, the diet is only effective among smokers. For non-smokers – among whom lung cancer is rare – there was no difference between those who ate the vegetables and those who did not.
Cruciferous vegetables contain high levels of isothiocyanates and can prevent lung cancer by increasing the body’s production of tobacco-derived toxins. The body’s isothiocyanate levels are controlled by the genes GSTM1 and GSTT1. People with inactive versions of the genes have higher levels of isothiocyanates
The study of lung cancer patients by researchers from the International Agency for Research on Cancer in Lyons, France, found that those with the inactive form of GSTM1 had a 33 per cent reduced risk of lung cancer.
Among those with the inactive form of GSTT1, the effect was greater, with a 37 per cent reduced risk. In those with both genes, the risk was cut by 72 per cent. People with the active form of the genes had no protection.
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